Question Paper Set A:
Qs 1) A natural number is such that . What is the largest prime factor of k?
Solution 1:
HInt: Think of perfect square numbers near 2014.
Hence, . And, the largest prime factor of 44 is 11. Hence, ans is 11.
Qs 2) The first term of a sequence is 2014. Each succeeding term is the sum of cubes of the digits of the previous term. What is the 2014th term of the sequence?
Solution 2:
Hint: Try the simplest solution…just keep calculating…:-)
Clearly, , which is the answer.
Qs 3) Let ABCD be a convex quadrilateral with perpendicular diagonals. If AB=20, BC=70, and CD=90, then what is the value of DA?
Solution 3. let the diagonals meet at 0. Let OB=a,OC=b, OD=d and OA=c. Then, we can apply Pythagoras’s theorem to the 4 right angled triangles AOB, BOC, COD, DOA. We get
Hence, we get, . In the RHS, substitute for
and you will get
.
Question 4: In a triangle with integer side lengths, one side is three times as long as a second side and the length of the third side is 17. What is the greatest possible perimeter of the triangle?
Solution 4:;
;
;
;
Hint: use triangle inequalities:
;
;
. Hence,
and
.. Also,
and hence,
. So,
. So, we get
,
Ans. .
Question 5. if real numbers a,b,c,d,e satisfy
, what is the value of
?
Solution 5. ,
,
,
so we get
. Hence,
.
Ans. 10.
Question 6: What is the smallest possible natural number n for which the equation has integer roots?
Solution 6:
Hint: Use the discriminant formula.
.
So, just think of plugging in some values 🙂 and note that n has to be smallest.
Also, n has to be even and also has to be even and a perfect square root.
Ans. 91
Question 7: If , what is the value of
?
Solution 7:
Warning: Do not use logarithms as there is no formula for .
Hint: Try to input some numbers so that the original equation is satisfied.
.Ans.
Question 8: Let S be set of real numbers with mean M. If the means of the sets and
are
and
respectively, then how many elements does S have?
Solution: Use the definition of mean or average value followed by a little manipulation.
Ans. 4
Question 9: Natural numbers k,l,p,q are such that if a and b are roots of
, then
and
are the roots of
. What is the sum of all possible values of q?
Solution 9: Hint: Use the relationships between roots and coefficients:
— equation I
— equation II
— equation III
— equation IV
From equation IV, we get , that is,
But q is a natural number. Hence,
is also a natural number and the only way this could be possible is
.
Hence, ans .
Question 10 In a triangle ABC, X and Y are points on the segments AB and AC respectively, such that and
. If the area of the triangle AXY is 10, then what is the area of the triangle ABC?
Solution 10: Let ,
,
,
where k and m are constants of proportionality.
Use: From trigonometry, .
Here, and hence,
.
But, area of triangle ABC is . Ans.
Question 11: For natural numbers x and y, let denote the greatest common divisor of x and y. How many pairs of natural numbers x and y with
satisfy the equation
?
To be discussed in the next blog.
Question 12:Let ABCD be a convex quadrilaterall with . Let the incircles of triangles ABD and BCD touch BD at P and Q, respectively, with P lying in between B and Q. If
and
, then what is the sum of the radii of the incircles of triangles ABD and BDC?
To be discussed in the next blog.
Question 13:For how many natural numbers n between 1 and 2014 (both inclusive) is an integer?
To be discussed in the next blog.
Question 14: One morning, each member of Manjul’s family drank an 8-ounce mixture of coffee and milk. The amounts of coffee and milk varied from cup to cup, but were never zero. Manjul drank th of the total amount of milk and
th of the total amount of coffee. How many people are there in Manjul’s family?
Solution 14: Key Idea: When two different fluids are mixed, they are in a certain proportion or ratio; this ratio of the two fluids remains the same when the mixture is poured out in different amounts.
Now, ratio of milk to coffee in Manjul’s mixture is .
Let x be the constant of proportionality. Total mixture is 8 ounce. Hence,
and therefore,
. But, total milk is
and total coffee is
.
Hence, ans. 8.
Question 15: Let XOY be a triangle with . Let M and N be the midpoints of legs OX and OY, respectively. Suppose that
and
. What is XY?$
Solution 15. Let and
.
Apply Pythagoras’s theorem to right angled triangle MOY:
.
Similarly, from right angled triangle XON, we get:
Adding the above two equations, and hence,
, which is the desired answer.
Question 16: In a triangle ABC, let I denote the incenter. Let the lines AI, BI, and CI intersect the incircle at P, Q and R, respectively. If , what is the value of
in degrees?
To be discussed in the next blog.
Question 17: For a natural number b, let denote the number of natural numbers a for which the equation
has integer roots. What is the smallest value of b for which
?
Question 18: Let f be a one-one function from the set of natural numbers to itself such that for all natural numbers m and n. What is the least possible value of
?
Question 19: Let be real numbers different from 1, such that
and
.
What is the value of ?
Solution.
Let
hence,
But, and also given that
.
Hence,
which equals .
Hence, .
Question 20: What is the number of ordered pairs where A and B are subsets of
such that neither
nor
?
One Comment
This was very helpful for practising some questions for olympiads